Compression vs End Feed Fittings

In plumbing, choosing the right fittings is crucial for ensuring reliable, leak-free connections that stand the test of time. Two common types of fittings used in plumbing installations are Compression Fittings and End Feed Fittings. Each has its distinct advantages, uses, and installation techniques, making them suitable for different applications. In this article, we will explore the key differences, benefits, and considerations of compression fittings versus end feed fittings to help you make an informed decision.

What Are Compression Fittings?

Compression fittings are widely used in plumbing, heating, and gas installations because of their simplicity and reliability. They consist of three main components: a compression nut, a compression ring (also known as an olive), and a fitting body. The olive compresses against the pipe and the fitting body as the nut is tightened, forming a watertight seal.

Type A Compression Fittings

Flowflex Compression Fittings are the perfect solution for your plumbing needs, offering unparalleled reliability and ease of installation. Crafted from high-quality materials, these fittings ensure a secure and leak-free connection, making them ideal for both residential and commercial applications. Our compression fittings are designed and manufactured to BS EN 1254 standard, providing you with peace of mind and long-lasting results.

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Key Components of Compression Connection

• Compression Nut: A threaded nut that tightens over the fitting body.

• Compression Ring (or Olive): A metal ring that compresses between the nut and fitting body to form a seal.

• Fitting Body: The main part of the fitting that connects to the pipe.

• Pipework: Copper, Plastic or Steel Pipe.

How Compression Fittings Work

When the compression nut is tightened, the olive compresses between the pipe and the fitting body, creating a leak-proof seal. The seal is formed by metal-on-metal contact, making it robust and durable without the need for heat or solder.

Performance of Compression Fittings

Compression Fittings made to BS EN 1254 standards can withstand pressures up to 16 Bar, depending on the ambient temperature. For detailed information, refer to the technical documentation available on the product page.

Advantages of Compression Fittings

1. Heat-Free Connections
   Compression fittings do not require soldering or welding, making them ideal for construction sites where hot works are restricted or where open flames are not safe.

2. Ease of Assembly
   Compression joints are easy to understand and install, making them suitable for both DIYers and professionals. Simply slide the pipe into the fitting, add the olive, and tighten the nut.

3. No Special Tools Needed
   Only basic tools, like adjustable spanners, are required to install compression fittings - no expensive or specialised equipment necessary.

4. Easy to Disassemble
   If maintenance or disassembly is needed, compression fittings can be undone and reassembled without damaging the connection.

5. Reusable Components
   Compression fittings can be reused in future installations. Simply replace the olive with a new one from the same manufacturer, as the old olive remains fixed to the original pipe.

6. Installation in Wet Conditions
   These fittings can be installed in wet environments, speeding up repair times and making them ideal for leak fixes.

7. Environmentally Friendly Materials
   Copper alloys are sustainable and recyclable materials, making Compression Fittings an environmentally friendly option.

8. Compatible With Multiple Types of Pipe
   Compression fittings are not limited to copper; they work with plastic, carbon steel, and stainless steel pipes, making them adaptable to multiple systems.

Best Use Cases For Compression Fittings

1. Demountable Installations
   Compression fittings are ideal for installations that may need to be disassembled occasionally or even frequently, offering a reliable and easy to connect/disconnect solution.

2. Mixed Material Connections
   Compression fittings are versatile and can connect copper, plastic, and steel pipework, making them an excellent choice when you need to mix different materials within your installation.

3. Heat Free Installations
   Compression fittings are a great option for installations where open flames are prohibited, providing a safe and efficient connection without the need for soldering.

4. Low Skilled Installations
   Compression fittings are perfect for both DIY home projects and commercial applications that require less specialised skills. Their ease of use, straightforward connections, and minimal tooling make them an ideal choice for a wide range of users.

What Are End feed Fittings?

End feed fittings are a type of soldered fitting used primarily with copper pipes. These fittings consist of a simple fitting body that is soldered to the pipe ends. The joint is made by heating the fitting and pipe with a torch and applying solder, which flows into the joint to create a strong, permanent seal.

End Feed

Discover Flowflex End Feed fittings for quick, reliable copper pipe connections. Lightweight and easy to install, they offer compact, neat solutions for any space. Manufactured to BS EN 1254 standards and WRAS approved, these fittings ensure high quality and secure, leak-free joints. Click to explore our full range.

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Key Components of An End Feed Connection

• Fitting Body: Made of copper or brass, designed to fit snugly around copper pipe manufactured to BS EN 1057 standards.

• Copper Pipe: Copper tube manufactured to BS EN 1057 standards.

• Solder: A metal alloy used to bond the fitting and pipe together when heated.

• Flux: A chemical cleaning agent applied to the joint before soldering to prevent oxidation and ensure a strong and clean bond.

How End Feed Fittings Work

End feed fittings rely on capillary action. They are heated to point that allows solder to flow into the small gap between the fitting and the pipe, creating a secure and watertight seal once cooled.

Performance of End Feed Fittings

Soldered Fittings made to BS EN 1254 standards can differ widely in performance depending on the solder type and fitting size. Typically, fittings using lead solder or brazing can withstand pressures up to 16 Bar under normal conditions. With higher-grade solder, such as solder containing Copper or Silver, the pressure rating increases to 25 Bar.

For more detailed specifications on Flowflex End Feed Fittings, please refer to the technical documentation available on the product page.

Advantages of End Feed Fittings

• Strong, Permanent Joints
  Soldered joints create a durable, leak-proof seal that can withstand high pressure and temperature changes.

• Can Support Higher Pressures
  Depending on the choice of solder, Capillary Fittings can reach pressure ratings of PN25.

• Environmentally Friendly Material
  Copper is a sustainable and recyclable material, making capillary fittings an environmentally friendly option.

• Compact Design
  Soldered fittings are sleek and low-profile, making them ideal for exposed installations where aesthetics matter or tight spaces where access is limited.

• Cost-Effective
  Generally cheaper than other types of fittings, making them popular for large installations.

• Highly Reliable
  Minimal risk of leaks when installed correctly due to the solid bond between the fitting and the pipe.

• Aesthetically Pleasing
  End Feed Fittings, especially when made of copper, seamlessly fit in with the pipe they are connecting to.

Disadvantages of End Feed Fittings

• Requires Open Flame
  The use of a torch introduces safety risks, particularly in areas where flammable materials are present or where heat is restricted.

• Higher Skill Level Required
  Proper soldering technique is crucial; poor preparation or overheating can result in weak joints or leaks.

• Time-Consuming Installation
  The soldering process for End Feed Fittings requires time and skill, making installation slower compared to other kinds of fittings.

Comparing Compression Fittings and End Feed Fittings

Which One Should You Choose?

Choosing between compression fittings and end feed fittings depends on your specific needs, skills, and the nature of the project. Here are some scenarios where each type might be more suitable:

Choose Compression Fittings if:

1. You need a quick, easy installation without specialised skills.

2. The installation environment restricts the use of open flames.

3. You prefer fittings that can be adjusted or reused in the future.

Choose End Feed Fittings if:

1. You require a strong, permanent connection that can handle high pressure.

2. A neat, professional appearance is important for exposed installations.

3. You are comfortable with soldering or have access to a professional installer.

Conclusion

Both Compression Fittings and End Feed Fittings have their strengths and are widely used in plumbing for different reasons. Compression Fittings offer convenience, flexibility, and ease of use, making them ideal for many common plumbing tasks. In contrast, End Feed Fittings provide a robust, durable, and aesthetically pleasing solution for permanent installations.

By understanding the differences, advantages, and best use cases for each, you can select the right fitting to ensure your plumbing system is reliable, efficient, and built to last.